@article{Murad2026Optical,
  author = {Murad, M.A.S. and Hamasalh, F.K. and Arnous, A.H. and Biswas, A. and Jawad, A.J.M. and Yildirim, Y. and Moraru, L. and Dragomir, C.},
  title = {Optical solitons with Kudryashov’s form of local and non-local self-phase modulation structure having fractional temporal evolution},
  journal = {Semiconductor Physics, Quantum Electronics \& Optoelectronics},
  year = {2026},
  volume = {29},
  number = {1},
  pages = {080--090},
  doi = {10.15407/spqeo29.01.080},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.15407/spqeo29.01.080},
  abstract = {The paper reports optical soliton solutions with Kudryashov-type self-phase modulation and fractional temporal evolution. Two independent integration approaches yield a wide spectrum of soliton solutions. The model provides a framework for mitigating Internet bottleneck effects in optical communication systems. Parameter constraints ensuring existence of the solitons are established.},
  keywords = {solitons, Internet bottleneck, integrability.}
}