@article{Amanyi2026Enhanced,
  author = {Amanyi, M.I. and Danladi, E. and Salawu, A.O. and Alhaji, A.I. and Ogunmoye, K.A. and Onah, O.E. and Ekwu, M.T.},
  title = {Enhanced photovoltaic performance and minimal hysteresis of perovskite solar cells using caffeine-modified MAPbI3 light-harvesting material},
  journal = {Semiconductor Physics, Quantum Electronics \& Optoelectronics},
  year = {2026},
  volume = {29},
  number = {1},
  pages = {105--117},
  doi = {10.15407/spqeo29.01.105},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.15407/spqeo29.01.105},
  abstract = {Perovskite solar cells modified with caffeine were investigated. Caffeine incorporation improves absorption, crystallinity, and device performance, while reducing hysteresis. The best device (1.0 wt% caffeine) achieved PCE = 14.072%, FF = 0.640, Jsc = 23.083 mA/cm, Voc = 0.953 V. Performance enhancement is attributed to reduced recombination and improved charge transport.},
  keywords = {perovskite solar cells, caffeine, hysteresis, MAPbI3, photovoltaics.}
}