TY  - JOUR
T1  - Tuning magnetization in Ni-Fe-Gd thin films by using the electrodeposition technique
AU  - Sathishkumar, P.
AU  - Elayaperumal, E.
AU  - Juliana, S.G.
AU  - Azhakanantham, D.
AU  - Ghfar, A.A.
AU  - Ganguly, A.
JO  - Semiconductor Physics, Quantum Electronics & Optoelectronics
VL  - 28
IS  - 2
SP  - 166
EP  - 174
PY  - 2025
DO  - 10.15407/spqeo28.02.166
UR  - https://doi.org/10.15407/spqeo28.02.166
AB  - Thin films with soft magnetic properties are critical for advanced magnetic data storage and transfer devices. This study focuses on the electrodeposition of Ni-Fe-Gd thin film alloys onto copper substrates, varying current densities to investigate their structural, compositional, morphological, and magnetic properties. The obtained films display complex crystalline structures comprising mixed face-centered cubic (FCC), body-centered cubic (BCC), and hexagonal close-packed (HCP) phases depending on the Gd ion content and deposition conditions. The observed magnetic behavior ranges from superparamagnetic to soft ferromagnetic, depending on the Gd interaction with Ni and Fe and local microstructural defects. This study is significant in advancing the development of magnetic alloy-based thin films for magnonic and spintronic applications.
KW  - ferromagnetism
KW  - electrodeposition
KW  - magnetic properties
KW  - Ni-Fe-Gd thin films
ER  -