Semiconductor Physics, Quantum Electronics & Optoelectronics, 28 (4), P. 400–412 (2025).
DOI: https://doi.org/10.15407/spqeo28.04.400

X-band microwave properties of polyvinyl chloride/oxidized activated carbon thin-film composites

L.M. Grishchenko^1,2,3, V.E. Diyuk^1,2, D.O. Zhytnyk⁴, I.P. Matushko⁵, Yu.V. Noskov⁶, N.S. Novychenko⁷, R.T. Mariychuk⁸, O.Yu. Boldyrieva¹, M.V. Makarets⁵, V.V. Klepko⁹, O.V. Mischanchuk³, V.V. Lisnyak<sup>3,9,10*

1</sup>Faculty of Chemistry, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 64/13, Volodymyrska Street, 01601 Kyiv, Ukraine
²Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, NAS of Ukraine, 2a, Marii Kapnist Street, 03057 Kyiv, Ukraine
³Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry, NAS of Ukraine, 17, Oleha Mudraka Street, Kyiv 03164, Ukraine
⁴Faculty of Radiophysics, Electronics and Computer Systems, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 4g, Hlushkova Avenue, 03022 Kyiv, Ukraine
⁵Faculty of Physics, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 4g, Hlushkova Avenue, 03022 Kyiv, Ukraine
⁶V. Kukhar Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry, NAS of Ukraine, 50, Kharkivske Shose, 02155 Kyiv, Ukraine
⁷Department of Electron-Probe Research of Multifunctional Materials, Technical Center of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 13, Pokrovska Street, 04070 Kyiv, Ukraine
⁸Department of Ecology, Faculty of Humanities and Natural Science, University of Presov, 17th November Street 1, 08001 Presov, Slovak Republic
⁹Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, NAS of Ukraine, 48, Kharkivske Shose, Kyiv 02155, Ukraine
¹⁰Western Caspian University, 31, Istiglaliyyat Street, AZ 1001 Baku, Republic of Azerbaijan
*Corresponding author e-mail: lisnyak@nas.gov.ua

Abstract. Poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) and oxidized activated carbon (AC-H₂O₂) powders were hot-pressed into thin-film composites (TFCs) with a composition of (PVC)_100–x/(AC-H₂O₂)_x, where x = 0.2…30 wt.%. We investigated the nanostructure, morphology, and composition of the AC-H₂O₂ filler using scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Thermal analysis methods were employed to evaluate the thermal stability of the surface carbon-oxygen groups of the AC-H₂O₂ filler. The effect of AC-H₂O₂ filler content on the electromagnetic transparency of the (PVC)_100–x/(AC-H₂O₂)_x TFCs was evaluated at X-band microwave frequencies. Microwave transmission showed only a weak dependence on the filler concentration. However, reflection losses varied from –21.7 to –11.8 dB as x increased from 0.2 to 30 wt.%. Comparing analogous composites containing initial AC revealed that filler oxidation significantly affects performance. The difference in the average reflection loss between (PVC)_100–x/(AC-H₂O₂)_x and (PVC)_100–x/(AC)_x TFCs ranged from –3.4 dB at x < 5 wt.% to –8.7 dB at x < 20–30%.

Keywords: thin-film composites, poly(vinyl chloride), activated carbon, oxidation, electromagnetic shielding, microwave reflection.

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