Semiconductor Physics, Quantum Electronics & Optoelectronics, 29 (1), P. 080–090 (2026).
DOI: https://doi.org/10.15407/spqeo29.01.080

Optical solitons with Kudryashov’s form of local and non-local self-phase modulation structure having fractional temporal evolution

M.A.S. Murad¹, F.K. Hamasalh², A.H. Arnous^3,4, A. Biswas^5,6,7*, A.J.M. Jawad⁸, Y. Yildirim^9,10, L. Moraru^11,12, C. Dragomir<sup>13

1</sup>University of Duhok, Iraq
²Sulaimani Polytechnic University, Iraq
³SIMATS, Chennai, India
⁴Khazar University, Azerbaijan
⁵Grambling State University, USA
⁶Khazar University, Azerbaijan
⁷Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, South Africa
⁸Al–Rafidain University College, Iraq
⁹Biruni University, Turkey
¹⁰Near East University, Cyprus
¹¹Dunarea de Jos University of Galati, Romania
¹²Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, South Africa
¹³Dunarea de Jos University of Galati, Romania
*Corresponding author e-mail: biswas.anjan@gmail.com

Abstract. The paper reports optical soliton solutions with Kudryashov-type self-phase modulation and fractional temporal evolution. Two independent integration approaches yield a wide spectrum of soliton solutions. The model provides a framework for mitigating Internet bottleneck effects in optical communication systems. Parameter constraints ensuring existence of the solitons are established.

Keywords: solitons, Internet bottleneck, integrability.

Full Text (PDF)

Back to Volume 29 N1

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.